There are limits to where physics makes meaningful predictions: beyond the Planck length, time, or energy. Here’s why we can’t go further.
At all times and locations, the laws of physics endure.
Our Universe contains the Standard Model particles, plus whatever dark matter and dark energy are.
They interact via the four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, plus the two nuclear forces.
Extensions potentially exist: grand unification, string theory, supersymmetry, a “fifth force,” etc.